According to Healthvv, the age of the Counter-Reformation was also an age of restoration and state establishment, in the form and by means of princely absolutism and centralization of powers. What occurs in the government of the Church, with the powerful subsidy of religious orders, also occurs in the government of the Italian states, both of…
Author: baglib
The Finances of Italy from 1914 Part IV
To face the economic crisis it was first of all necessary to prevent the lira from being overwhelmed by the international monetary upheavals and for this reason an attempt was made to strengthen the gold reserves more and more so as to constitute only with them the normal coverage of circulation; indeed a policy already followed…
The Finances of Italy from 1914 Part III
Nor should it be surprising that the revaluation movement began even before the effect of the new financial measures could be produced (November 6, the day on which the issuance of the Littorio loan was authorized, which served to consolidate 15 billion Treasury bills, the exchange rate with the dollar had already dropped to 23.44), since…
The Finances of Italy from 1914 Part II
Strong budget deficit (7.9, 17.4 and 15.8 billion respectively in the financial years 1919-20, 1920-21 and 1921-22), both for the gradual exhaustion of war taxes, for the inadequate increase in revenue of ordinary taxes and for the many tax evasions, both for the difficulty of containing public expenses and for the huge deficits of the…
The Finances of Italy from 1914 Part I
According to Fashionissupreme, the beginning of the world war caught Italy in a situation of undoubted inferiority compared to other nations. In fact, it had not yet fully recovered from the losses suffered as a result of the Calabrian-Sicilian earthquake and the Libyan war (about 6 billion) and it had also missed that period of economic…
Greece Religion – Hellenism
The idea of the divine character of the sovereign was transmitted to the individual national monarchies in which the Alexander empire remained fragmented. Greece, once again detached from Macedonia, abandoned to itself, counted for nothing, neither towards the east, where Macedonia took its place, nor towards the west, where Rome ended up enslaving it. By…
Aspects of Ancient Greek Civilization
Law In Greece there are as many rights as there are pòleis. Documentation is scarce, relatively abundant only for Athens. Law was considered in Greece first as a divine emanation (ϑεσμός) and the first legislators are often mythical figures (Lycurgus, Zaleuchus); only in the 7th century. the human law (νόμος) begins to assert itself, which removes the…
Germany at the Beginning of the 16th Century
Germany now presented itself in its definitive aspect as a complex of very numerous territorial states, of the most varied extension, governed by princely dynasties that were effectively independent of the imperial power. In northern Germany the Guelphs, divided from 1267 into the branches of Brünswick and Lüneburg, had further divided their possessions into the…
Ethiopia Ancient Literature Part 2
It may well be said that precisely the sec. XIV and XV marked the highest flower of the Ethiopian letters. Strange to note: among the many works passed from Arabic or written in Ethiopian there is an operetta – The Acts of San Sebastiano – translated from Italian. In the century XV, or much more…
Ethiopia Ancient Literature
Quite remarkable literary development had the ancient Ethiopian language (ge ‛ ez), which still remains almost exclusively in liturgical usage, as among us the Latin; and until yesterday it was practically the only written language, like Latin among us in the Middle Ages, thereby preventing other languages from rising from the state of simple vulgar….
Tehran, Iran
Tehran is not only the capital of the state of Iran, but also a lively metropolis in the heart of the province of the same name. Tehran is the start or destination of many Iran tours. The city offers a lot of cultural and extraordinary sights. But modern activities are also possible in the city…
Attractions in Darwin, Australia
Darwin, Australia: Today’s capital and cultural center of the Northern Territory Darwin looks back on many unsuccessful attempts at settlement. Hurricanes, malaria and supply problems caused the attempts at settlement to fail. As early as 1869, the first attempt was made to found a settlement in what is now the urban area in the tropical…
Morocco – a Fascinating and Diverse Travel Destination
Go on a study tour through the fascinating country of Morocco! The country in the northwest of the African continent awaits its visitors with a mixture of traditional culture and modernity as well as a unique landscape with beautiful beaches, oases and mountains where you can even ski. Only separated from Europe by the Gibraltar…
Attractions in San Marino
The oldest republic in the world, San Marino, has about 34,000 inhabitants and is completely surrounded by Italy. The city-state is located near the Adriatic coast near Rimini between the Marche and Emilia-Romagna regions. San Marino has a number of attractions and sights for vacationers. The village of Borgo Maggiore at the foot of Monte…
Sightseeing in Montenegro
Montenegro – where the mountains meet the sea! This small state on the Adriatic will enchant you with its idyllic landscapes and ancient culture and history. Meet wonderful sand and pebble beaches with crystal clear water, old castles, monasteries and churches, and top-class cuisine. Visit Kotor and Budva, two cities with a lot of history…
Marshall Islands State Overview
Geography According to bridgat, the country of Marshall Islands is made up of twenty-nine atolls and five islands. The most important in turn form two groups: the Rataka Chain and the Ralik Chain (in Marshallese “sunrise” and “sunset” respectively). The government of the country has made territorial claims for the sovereignty of Wake Island, to the north of the archipelago,…
Best Travel Time for Venezuela
Tourism in Venezuela are possible all year round. Venezuela has a dry season (late November to early May) and a rainy season (the rest of the year). The dry season is certainly more pleasant to travel to, especially if hiking or other outdoor activities are planned, sightseeing in the cities is not much disturbed by…
Bulgaria Climate and Cities
Bulgaria, officially Bulgarian Republika Balgarija, German Republic of Bulgaria, country in Southeastern Europe with (2018) 7 million residents; The capital is Sofia. Climate Depending on location and altitude, according to bridgat, Bulgaria is characterized by continental, Mediterranean, mountain and Black Sea climates, but most of the country is continentally influenced. Hot dry summers alternate with…
Venezuela Geography
Venezuela is between 1 ° and 12 ° north latitude and 60 ° to 73 ° west longitude. Its neighbors are Brazil in the south, Colombia in the west and Guyana in the east. Venezuela extends 1,100 kilometers in a north-south direction and 1,500 kilometers in a west-east direction. Its highest point, the Pico de…
Elbrus 5642m Climbing Trip, Russia
Basic travel information We travel to the borders of Europe and Asia, the Caucasus Mountains to southern Russia. Our goal is to climb the highest peak in Europe, Elbrus (5642 m). Elbrus is part of a volcanic mountain that rises up to over a thousand meters above the surrounding mountains. It is one of the…
Indochina Tour – Cambodia and Vietnam
Basic travel information The most interesting sights of Vietnam and Cambodia in the same package. On a combined trip to Cambodia and Vietnam in Southeast Asia, we will learn about the great achievements of ancient cultures, the living culture of the two countries, and the sometimes gloomy history of the Indochina region. On the way…
India Traditions
Given the extension of the country and the number and variety of residents, Indian folklore takes on very different aspects, which are difficult to bring together in a single entity. However, trying to reach a synthesis, the uses and customs can be grouped into collective and domestic. The former belong to festivals, music, dance, crafts,…
US Temporary Work Visas
Which visa applies to the specific case and, above all, seems appropriate, should be carefully assessed. The decisive factors here are qualifications, nationality, length of the planned stay and company affiliation. The visa options described only entitle you to temporary employment in the USA. If you want to live and work permanently in the United…
Indian Wars Part IV
CRAZY HORSE (1840 to 1877) CRAZY HORSE was born around 1840. His Indian name was Tashunka Witko, which translates as both wild horse and ghost horse. He was considered a visionary who trusted his dreams and a mystic. Less great speakers than z. B. SITTING BULL or TECUMSEH, CRAZY HORSE was a fearless fighter. This…
Indian Wars Part III
During his absence, however, a decisive battle occurred in his homeland. TECUMSEH’s brother TENSKWATAWA , who had meanwhile taken over TECUMSEH’s role, was no match for the invading American army. Contrary to the instructions of his brother, TENSKWATAWA led the fight rashly and without strategy. As a seer and prophet, he was convinced that there…
Indian Wars Part II
If the war between the French, English and Indians started because of land disputes in the Ohio River area, it soon degenerated into a national conflict in which England and France were at war in other locations before the Seven Years’ War between the two countries in 1756 broke out. In America itself, the English…
Indian Wars Part I
The systematic and violent submission of the Indians lies like a bloody shadow over the history of America. To this day, historians find it difficult to place this darkest side of American history alongside slavery. Publications, research, and moral condemnations about Native American treatment abound. Nevertheless, when the keyword “American history” comes up, most people…
European Parliament
The European Parliament is the common parliamentary body of the EU (See Countryaah.com), which was initially referred to as the (European) Assembly in the individual treaties (formerly Article 4 of the EEC Treaty, Article 3 of the EURATOM Treaty, formerly Article 7 of the ECSC Treaty) and gave itself its present name by resolution of…
Central Asia Geography
The rejuvenation of the circumsiberian chains such as the Kunlun Shan, the Tian Shan, the of Iran and Afghanistan, East Turkestan, Tibet, Mongolia itself, a tabular region between distant mountainous alignments. The rejuvenation of the circumsiberian chains such as the Kunlun Shan, the Tian Shan, the of Iran and Afghanistan, East Turkestan, Tibet, Mongolia itself,…
History of Oceania
The history of the colonization of Oceania is not yet sufficiently clear. What is certain is that it came from Asia. T. Heyerdahl’s hypothesis of the (partial) origin of the population from South America has not proven to be valid. After Australia and New Guinea had already been settled during the last Ice Age (oldest…